Psychiatry, Mental Disorders & Psychosomatic Medicine

Anxiety is characterized by an uneasy feeling of internal unease. Tense behaviors like pacing back and forth, making forceful objections, and ruminating are frequently seen with anxiety. The need for approaching peril is anxiety. Any person's views, behaviors, habits, emotions, and sense of prosperity can be affected by depression, which is a condition of unhappiness and animosity toward a cause. A feeling of pressure and tension characterizes stress, a type of mental suffering. Heart attacks, ulcers, strokes, and depression are all risks that stress can exacerbate.

• Discouragement
• Sadness
• Hopelessness
• Anger
• Lack of motivation or interest in life in general
• Low energy level
• Insomnia
• Feeling overwhelmed by daily tasks and personal interactions

Behavioural science is the methodical study of human behavior through experiments and observations. Observation and experimentation are the two major pillars of behavioral science. The interdisciplinary field of behavioral medicine is focused on the development and integration of behavioural, psychosocial, and biomedical science knowledge and techniques relevant to the understanding of health and illness, as well as the application of this knowledge and these techniques to prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.

• Social Work
• Counselling
• Criminology

Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are two instances of significant mental diseases that can result in psychosis—impairments in thinking and feeling severe enough to result in a detachment from reality. Sudden mood changes brought on by bipolar disorder can range from manic highs to depressive lows. Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe mental condition that makes it difficult for a person to think, feel, or behave normally. Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and a disconnection from reality are all symptoms of schizophrenia.

• Restlessness
• Tiredness
• Trouble staying focused
• Irritability

The identification, treatment, and prevention of mental diseases in children, adolescents, and their families are the subjects of studies supported by the interdisciplinary academic journal Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. It examines how certain psychiatric diseases arise, progress, and respond to various therapy. It also examines the bio-psychosocial elements that influence these disorders' emergence and progression. The primary areas of study are developmental diseases (including autism spectrum disorder), attention- and behavioral disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and gender identity issues.

• Anxiety Disorders
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
• Social Impact
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
• Aggression and Violence
• Adolescent Counselling
• Teenage Depression
• Child Abuse and Negligence
• Emotional and Behavioural Disorders

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy strategy, employs a practical, hands-on approach to problem-solving. Its goal is to help people change their troublesome thought or behavior patterns so that their feelings can change. It can be used to deal with a range of issues in a person's life, including sleep issues, relationship issues, drug and alcohol abuse, anxiety, and depression.

• Cognitive Restructuring or Reframing.
• Guided Discover
• Exposure Therapy
• Journaling and thought Records
• Activity Scheduling and behaviour Activation
• Behavioral Experiments
• Relaxation and Stress Reduction Techniques
• Role Playing

Drug abuse is a serious public health problem that affects almost every neighborhood and family. Utilizing drugs improperly can help you feel better, cope with stress, or escape from reality. However, you can usually completely stop using or change your harmful habits. Addiction to drugs involves more than just heroin, cocaine, or other illegal substances. Addiction can be brought on by legal drugs, alcohol, nicotine, opiate medications, and other substances as well. Gambling, sex, and other impulse control issues, as well as issues with both legal and illegal substances, may be included. Addiction psychiatrists are authorities on substance abuse. The expanding body of scientific information, such as the effects of substance dependence on one's health and available treatments, has enabled advancements in the field of addiction psychiatry.

• Drug Addiction
• Impulse Control Disorder
• Rehabilitation
• Last onset of Alcoholism

The term "encephalopathy" is used broadly to refer to any condition or illness that impairs brain function. It refers to a class of brain illnesses that can be brought on by a variety of situations, such as trauma, infections, metabolic problems, toxins, hereditary problems, and other issues.

Depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the disorder, encephalopathy can affect people of different ages and create a variety of symptoms. From moderate confusion and memory loss to convulsions, coma, and even death, symptoms might vary.

• Causes of Encephalopathy
• Infections
• Metabolic disordersToxins
• Genetic disorders
• Trauma

A condition of prosperity where each person is aware of their own potential, able to deal with day-to-day issues, able to work profitably and successfully, and able to commit to their group is described as emotional wellness. Emotional wellness has an impact on each and every one of us. We also have emotional wellbeing, much like we do with physical wellbeing. People with emotional wellness issues or conditions may also feel positive psychological well-being, whilst those without such issues may experience poor emotional health.

• Gender specific risk factor
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
• Sexual discrimination

Mental nursing, also known as psychological well-being nursing, is the chosen profession of a nurse who has proven significant expertise in emotional wellness and provides care for individuals of any age who exhibit dysfunctional behavior or mental problems, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychosis, depression, dementia, and other conditions.

• Psychiatric hospitalization
• Inpatient or residential mental health treatment.
• Outpatient mental health treatment.
• Dual diagnosis treatment.
• Psychotherapy.
• Medication.
• 12-step programs and support groups.
• Complementary and alternative treatments

Significant emotional disruptions (severe lows like depression or highs like hypomania or mania) are the hallmark of affective disorders or mood disorders. These common psychiatric disorders have higher rates of morbidity and mortality.

The field of neuropsychology investigates how the brain and behavior interact in daily life. This field combines evaluation and intervention techniques and is based on scientific research on how human behavior relates to both healthy and pathological CNS function. Chronic, fatal conditions known as neurodegenerative illnesses involve the slow decline or even death of nerve cells. As a result, dementias—also known as ataxias—or problems with mental or motor coordination develop. The evaluation procedure includes the use of diagnostic tools, patient history, qualitative observation, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological tests.

• Ataxias
• Dementias
• Sciatica
• Herniated Discs

Invasive techniques are used in neurosurgery procedures to identify, examine, and/or treat a brain problem, disease, or damage. to implant a deep brain stimulation device or remove a brain tumor, for example. a subspecialty of neurosurgery that modifies psychological traits through altering brain function in order to treat or mitigate severe mental disease. Invasive techniques are used in neurosurgery procedures to identify, examine, and/or treat a brain problem, disease, or damage. to implant a deep brain stimulation device or remove a brain tumor.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition marked by distressing, intrusive, obsessive thoughts and repetitive, compulsive physical or mental behaviors. Obsessions and compulsions consume a lot of time, interfere with a person's ability to function properly, and cause great misery. OCD symptoms can appear in kids and teenagers; the condition normally develops gradually and gets worse with age. OCD symptoms might be mild or quite severe. Some people merely have obsessive thoughts rather than compulsive behaviors.

• Parasomnias.
• Fear of contamination or dirt.
• Doubting and having difficulty tolerating uncertainty.
• Needing things orderly and symmetrical.
• Aggressive or horrific thoughts about losing control and harming yourself or others.
• Unwanted thoughts, including aggression, or sexual or religious subjects.

A subspecialty of medicine called psychiatry focuses on recognizing, avoiding, comprehending, and treating mental health issues. Psychiatry is the primary branch of medicine that concentrates on identifying, treating, and preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. Observations, cognition, behavior, and emotion were used to identify these anomalies. Typically, the initial steps in a psychiatric evaluation of a person are a case history and a mental state examination.

• Social psychology
• Geriatric Psychiatry
• Neurocognitive Psychiatry
• Emergency Psychiatry
• Cognitive Psychology
• Behavioral Psychology

Psychosomatic medicine refers to a newly licensed subspecialty of psychiatry termed consultation-liaison psychiatry. The study of the relationship between mental and physical illnesses is covered in depth in the field of C-L psychiatry. Research, diagnosis, and treatment for illnesses are all related services provided by this profession. It connects psychiatry and other medical fields so that doctors and psychiatrists may discuss how to best treat individuals with psychosomatic illness.

• Psychological Factors
• Biological Factors
• Social Factors

When psychological pressures have a disturbing effect on somatic (physiological) functioning, the condition known as psychosomatic disorders develops. It is a syndrome that develops when the internal secretory glands and involuntary nervous system are incorrectly stimulated, leading to structural harm or dysfunction of the physiological organs. A few examples of psychosomatic illnesses that can arise as a result of stress are hypertension, respiratory ailments, gastrointestinal difficulties, migraine and tension headaches, pelvic pain, impotence, frigidity, eczema, and ulcers.

• Drug and the Brain
• Process Addictions
• Medication Assisted Therapy

Psychotherapy can help a person function more successfully and promote recovery by minimizing or managing annoying symptoms. The process of treating mental health problems by consultation with a psychologist, psychiatrist, or other mental health professional is referred to as "psychotherapy".

• Pharmacology
• Fundamental Science
• Pharmaceutical Drugs

The study of how medications affect people's emotions, perceptions, decisions, and behaviors is known as "psychopharmacology" in science. Psychopharmacology is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the link between drug-induced alterations in functioning. In order to affect a systemic change in nervous system cells, which alters awareness and results in behavioral changes in psychological or physiological functions, psychoactive drugs typically interact with specific receptors or target locations in the nervous system.

• Dose response relation in psychiatric medications
• Preclinical psychopharmacology
• Psycho pharmacological medication
• Modern psychopharmacology

The study of the mind and behavior is a focus of the scientific discipline of psychology. It looks into a person's or a group's psychological and behavioral characteristics and offers solutions to a variety of challenging issues. Psychology is a broad discipline with several subfields. The specialist's research, which was undertaken by a psychologist, is highly valuable because it addresses societal issues.

• Depression
• Personality and Anxiety disorders
• Schizophrenia
• Neurodevelopmental disorders
• Addictive behaviours

What distinguishes one person from another in terms of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors is their personality. A personality disorder is a way of being that deviate from cultural standards, causes distress or functional challenges, and lasts for an extended period of time. Relationships, social interactions, employment prospects, and educational chances are all negatively impacted by this. A person's personality is influenced by their experiences, environment (including their surroundings and environment at large), and hereditary features.

• Borderline personality disorder.
• Dependent personality disorder.
• Histrionic personality disorder.
• Narcissistic personality disorder.
• Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
• Paranoid personality disorder.
• Schizoid personality disorder.
• Schizotypal personality disorder.

Sleep disorders involve problems with the quality, quantity, and scheduling of sleep, which have an impact on daytime performance and are upsetting. Sleep disorders have a connection to both physical and emotional concerns. In addition to being an indication of other mental health problems, sleep problems can both cause and exacerbate mental health problems.

• Insomnia.
• Sleep Apnea
• Narcolepsy
• Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
• REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder.
• Non-24-Hour Sleep Wake Disorder.
• Excessive Sleepiness.

Telepsychiatry is the application of telemedicine to the specialized field of psychiatry. The expression typically describes the delivery of mental health assessment and care via video conferencing. One or more individual providers, provider groups, or intermediary organizations that collaborate with facilities to increase care capacity may offer telepsychiatry services. Most telepsychiatry consultations take place in hospitals under the supervision of on-site clinicians, however at-home versions are beginning to gain popularity if they comply with HIPAA requirements.

• Diagnostic Accuracy
• Treatment Effectiveness
• Patient Satisfaction
• Quality of Care

In all situations and across all countries, more women than men face despair, anxiety, psychological distress, domestic violence, sexual assault, and rising rates of substance abuse. The stress brought on by their numerous obligations, gender discrimination, and linked problems including poverty, malnutrition, excessive work, domestic violence, and sexual abuse are the main causes of women's poor mental health. When women venture to report their problems, many healthcare providers frequently display gender prejudices that lead them to either over- or under-treat them.

• Depression
• Anxiety and specific phobias
• Suicide attempts
• Eating disorders